Hi, I'm new here and I might be interested in joining the Canadian Reserve in maybe a year or so (not anytime soon due to personal reasons - trying to finish get my GED for one). But I have a few issues and questions to be resolved first:
Just a heads up; before you ask any other questions, use the
search function here and try
www.forces.ca. This will save you from the wrath of the mods and other users.
In the mean time, I'll try to answer some of your questions for you;
1. I plan on moving to the US in a few years, and I plan on living there for several years. And maybe in a decade or so, I might even move to another continent if possible. Does this prevent me from being eligible to join the Reserve? Or does joining the Reserve mean I cannot move outside of Canada or be living outside of Canada? I would always be happy to go back to Canada in case of emergency, as defending country means a lot to me, but I don't actually want to "live" in Canada for very long - I have certain plans on life that require me to live in the US.
The Primary Reserve is 100% voluntary and there is no obligation to stay in. If you join and want to move out of the country, you can leave the forces at anytime or transfer into the Supplementary reserve (soldiers on paper only). But, keep in mind; while you're in the CF you are bound by the National Defense Act, the Queens Regulations and Orders and all other CF laws.
I would suggest you figure out weather or not you're going to move away first before joining... It will take roughly 2 years of weekends and summers to qualify you for most trades in the reserves; if you're going to leave in this time, you may be better off waiting until you know you're going to be in the country for a long while.
As well, keep in mind that, if you are absent from training for more than a month, you may be released as Non-effective... So, there is a minimum you need to show up to stay current.
As for being called back... that probably wouldn't happen.
2. I have Asperger's Syndrome. Does this prevent me from joining?
This is completely up to the medical staff at the recruiting centre... no one here is anywhere close to qualified to officially comment on this or give you definitive direction concerning your medical status. I highly advise you contact a CFRC det in your area.
3. Would I ever at any point in time have to do mandatory overseas work (like combat in Iraq)? I ask this because my intentions of joining the Reserve is to DEFEND Canada, not to ATTACK some country overseas. I also don't agree with the war in Iraq, even though I hate the AL Qaeda and their ruthless actions, so I definitely would not appreciate being sent there.
Firstly; Canada has absolutely nothing to do with Iraq... we have no deployments there, so you won't have to go.
Secondly; ALL operational tours for Reservists are 100% voluntary. Unless Canada fires up conscription, you will never be forced to deploy... even with conscription, you stand the same chances of going to war as any other Canadian citizen.
Either way, I think you should do a little more research into what is going on where with the Canadian Forces... Try the search function.
4. Once in the Reserve or always in the Reserve? And can I quit the Reserve at any given time? Are there any penalties for leaving the Reserve?
When you join the Primary Reserves, you do not sign a contract and you are not obligated to remain in service... you can leave at any time.
You can also transfer from the PRes to the Regular Force at any time... There's lots written about both these subjects here... just search.
5. What would happen if I was to refuse an overseas mission (that is, if it is mandatory for me to do overseas work)?
As above; all voluntary.
If you were to volunteer for a mission and then back out during work up, before deployment, you might as well leave the CF... Again; lots written about this too.
6. Someone told me you get paid to be trained. Is true? Sorry if this is a stupid question! 
Yes... every time you officially put on the uniform and come to training you get paid based on your rank, IPC and length of training session (full or half days)... and again, there is a lot written about this at Forces.ca and all over the recruiting boards here... SEARCH.
7. I am terrible at math. Would this affect me in anyway (like failing any tests for example)?
You will have to write the Canadian Forces Aptitude test when you apply; your score will determine what trades your are best suited for... math is included in the test.
Guess what?!? That's right... lots written about this subject both here at Army.ca and at Forces.ca
Also, if you have any links that can answer my SPECIFIC questions, and not merely a link to generalized website, I would greatly appreciate it as well.
So... you're asking people to do your work for you?
Here is the only link you need here to find answers to all your questions:
SEARCH
